Differences Between Australian Visa 189, 190, And 491

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Australia offers a range of skilled migration visas, each designed to cater to different circumstances and goals. Among the most popular choices are the Subclass 189, Subclass 190, and Subclass 491 visas. Understanding the differences between these visa subclasses is crucial for anyone planning to move to Australia for work or to join family members. Let's explore the key distinctions:

Subclass 189 Visa:

1. Independent Visa: The Subclass 189 visa is a skilled independent visa. It doesn't require sponsorship from an Australian family member, employer, or a state or territory government.

2. Points-Tested: Applicants must meet a points test, which assesses factors like age, work experience, English language proficiency, and education. A minimum points score is required to be eligible.

3. Permanent Residency: This visa grants permanent residency, allowing you to live and work anywhere in Australia.

4. No Nomination Required: You don't need a nomination from a state or territory government to apply for this visa.

5. Occupation Lists: Applicants must choose an occupation from the Medium and Long-term Strategic Skills List (MLTSSL).

Subclass 190 Visa:

1. State Nomination: The Subclass 190 visa requires nomination by a specific Australian state or territory government. You must meet their criteria and choose an occupation from their list.

2. Points-Tested: Applicants also need to meet a points test, similar to the Subclass 189 visa.

3. Permanent Residency: Like the Subclass 189, the Subclass 190 visa provides permanent residency, and you can live and work anywhere in Australia.

4. Occupation Lists: You select an occupation from the state or territory's list, which may include additional occupations not on the MLTSSL.

Subclass 491 Visa:


1. Skilled Regional Visa: The Subclass 491 visa is a skilled regional (provisional) visa designed to promote migration to regional areas. You need to be nominated by a state or territory government or sponsored by an eligible family member living in a designated regional area.

2. Points-Tested: Like the previous visas, you must meet a points test, but the minimum points requirement may be lower.

3. Two-Stage Visa: This visa is a two-stage process. You start with a temporary visa, and after meeting certain conditions, you can apply for permanent residency.

4. Regional Work: To qualify for permanent residency, you must live and work in a designated regional area for a specific period.

5. Occupation Lists: You can choose an occupation from the MLTSSL or the Short-term Skilled Occupation List (STSOL) depending on regional requirements.


In summary, the main differences between these visas are sponsorship or nomination requirements, the list of eligible occupations, and the type of residency offered. The Subclass 189 is entirely independent, the Subclass 190 requires state nomination, and the Subclass 491 is focused on regional migration with a two-stage process. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for selecting the right visa for your Australian migration journey. 


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